Hello everybody, and welcome back. We're going to try to figure out the temples on the Palatine at the end of the 2nd century BC. Since the end of the 2nd century BC, sacred areas and sanctuaries were very relevant landmarks in the landscape of this hill. Let's start from the northeast corner of the hill. The section of the lowest slope where the core of the political system and the sacred system of Rome had been placed since the 8th century BC as we've already seen. Here, we have two temples, the Temple of Vesta and the Temple of the Lattice. We have scanty remains of the first one, just small pieces of the concrete foundation of the aedes. But we have these ancient figures. It was surely a round temple as we can see from this coin and from these sculptures here. We have to remember that the temple was inserted into a larger building here where the Vestal Virgins had to live. It was a round temple with the statue inside and the sacred fire of Vesta. Within this temple was the subterranean room, the penetrale, where special objects were kept, such as a clay sculpture of phallus and statue. The Romans thought that this statue had been brought to Rome by Eneas when he fled from Troy. It was a symbol of the very origin of Rome. The Aedes Larum, the Temple of the Lattice was inserted into a larger building as well. As a temple, it was a very simple structure, just to one hall, as you can see here, surrounded by an open area enclosed in a building along the sacred way. In the open area, we had a second penetrale, the subterranean room underneath the chelhar of this temple as you can see from this section here. This is how we can figure out the front of a temple with the porticus in front of it. Once again, in this section, a corridor, the portico, the chelhar of the temple, and the place where the attendant to the cult lived. Moving back to the area on the border and on the summit of the hill, we find here the third sacred place, the temple of Jupiter Stator. We already know that it was a very small temple here enclosed once again for the third time in a larger building. We already thought that this could be a temple related to one of the ancient gates to the palatine. We've found a small part of the podium sustaining a temple. As you can see from this section here. The sacred way, the building enclosing, the small temple, the podium of the temple and the gate of the palatine. You can see once again here the sacred way, the building, the temple and the podium and a gate. Here you can see the real feature, the bottom of the podium and one of the main flaws of this huge building surrounding the temple. Apart from these three sacred areas, we know just a little bit more. We already talked about this sacred area here connected to the sanctuary of the oldest part of the earliest city, forced to celebrate the rights altogether in this corner. In this spot here, we have just the remains of the concrete podium of another temple. This was probably the temple of the moon. This was the highest peak on the hill. We know that this temple was already lit in the night sulcus called the moon enlightening the darkness of the night, Luna Noctiluca. Then we move to the southwest corner of the hill near the place where the Romans believed that Rome itself was founded. Hello, everybody. We're still on the Palatine. Where in a sacred area surrounded by the imperial palaces. When the whole hill was turned into one Palace, the house of the emperor, the house of the master of the world by then, this sacred place with different temples to large temples and the small one in the middle were still in use. This is a very important place in Rome because the Romans believed that on this spot, the founder, the first king of Rome, Romulus lived. On this spot, Romulus celebrated a part of the foundation right of the new city. We already know that the very ancient sanctuary was founded in this very spot since the origin of the city. We know as well that temples had been standing in this area since at least the end of the 6th century BC. Now, at the end of the 3rd century, at last a new temple is added in the sanctuary. The Aedes Magnae Matris. It was a very huge complex surrounded by large square where theaters were built. Such a platform with covering a street in a huge building sustaining all this side of the hill. Last but not least, one more temple. At the end of the 18th century, fragments of a declaration of a temple were found on this spot here along the street leading from the Circus Maximus to the Colosseum. During the imperial age, we have a large platform here, maybe sustaining this temple. We have these wonderful pieces of terracotta statues with an armed man, half naked man, and a lady. This one here, this is a lady, a goddess sitting on an alter and she's turning her head back from the people who are looking at her. This is the statue of a special goddess called the Fortuna Recipient. The Fortuna who's not looking at you. It was a bad sign of course. This is how we can imagine all these fragments placed in the pediment of this wonderful temple. This is a full reconstruction of all these. Among these wonderful structures, among these painted statues all around the Hill were placed the houses of the masters of the New Empire. Thank you very much.
